{"id":12829,"date":"2019-07-23T10:45:47","date_gmt":"2019-07-23T02:45:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.jdcui.com\/?p=12829"},"modified":"2023-12-01T09:12:03","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T01:12:03","slug":"%e5%9c%9f%e4%b8%8e%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80-%e5%9c%9f%e7%9a%84%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%e6%8c%87%e6%a0%87-physical-properties-of-soils","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.jdcui.com\/?p=12829","title":{"rendered":"[\u571f\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840] \u571f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u6307\u6807 (Physical Properties of Soil)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5b9e\u5e72\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u79ef\u7d2f\u3001\u601d\u8003\u3001\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u6e29\u6545\u800c\u77e5\u65b0\uff0c\u571f\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u6765\u4e2a\u571f\u7684 \u4e09\u76f8 \u56fe….<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u571f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6 \u03c1 <\/em>\uff08 Mass density<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u571f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u571f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u571f\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a1.6~2.0t\/m3<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u03c1 = m\/V<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u571f\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u5bc6\u5ea6 \u03b3\u00a0<\/em>\uff08 Weight\u00a0density<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u03b3 = mg\/V<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff083\uff09\u571f\u7684\u542b\u6c34\u91cf \u03c9\u00a0<\/em>\uff08 Moisture content<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u4e2d\u6c34\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u9897\u7c92\u8d28\u91cf\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff0c\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u571f\u7684\u542b\u6c34\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u03c9 = mw<\/sub>\/ms<\/sub>*100%<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff084\uff09\u571f\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u6bd4\u91cd\uff09\u00a0d<\/em>s<\/sub>\u00a0<\/em>\uff08 Relative\u00a0\u00a0density<\/span>\uff09\uff08Specific Gravity, Gs<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

d<\/em>s<\/sub>\u00a0=ms<\/sub>\/( Vs<\/sub> \u03c1w\u00a0<\/sub>) = \u03c1s<\/sub>\/\u03c1w\u00a0<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e \u03c1s<\/sub>\/\u03c1w<\/sub> = \u03b3s<\/sub>\/\u03b3w <\/sub>= (\u03b3s<\/sub>Vs<\/sub>)\/(\u03b3w<\/sub>Vs<\/sub>\u00a0) = Ws<\/sub> \/ Ww<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u571f\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a \u6bd4\u91cd \uff08Specific Gravity, Gs<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gs =<\/span> Ws<\/sub> \/ Ww<\/sub>= ds<\/sub>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff085\uff09\u571f\u7684\u5e72\u5bc6\u5ea6 \u03c1<\/em>d<\/sub>\u00a0<\/em>\uff08 Dry\u00a0 density<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u5185\u9897\u7c92\u8d28\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u571f\u7684\u5e72\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u03c1<\/em>d<\/sub>=m<\/em>s\/V<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u7684\u5e72\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u571f\u8d8a\u5bc6\u5b9e\u3002\u5728\u586b\u571f\u592f\u5b9e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e38\u4ee5\u571f\u7684\u5e72\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u571f\u592f\u5b9e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u571f\u7684\u5e72\u91cd\u5ea6\uff08 Dry\u00a0 Gravity<\/span>\uff09<\/strong>\u4e3a \u03b3 <\/em><\/strong>d<\/sub>=\u03c1d*<\/sub>g<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff086\uff09\u571f\u7684\u9971\u548c\u5bc6\u5ea6 \u03c1<\/em>sat<\/sub>\u00a0<\/em>\uff08 Saturated density<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u4e2d\u5b54\u9699\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u6c34\u5145\u6ee1\u65f6\u571f\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u79f0\u4e3a\u571f\u7684\u9971\u548c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u03c1sat <\/sub>= ( m<\/em>s + Vv<\/sub>*\u03c1w <\/sub>)\/ V<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u571f\u7684\u9971\u548c\u91cd\u5ea6\uff08 Saturated <\/span>Gravity<\/span>\uff09<\/strong>\u4e3a \u03b3 sat<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>=\u03c1sat<\/sub>*<\/sub>g<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff087\uff09\u571f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u91cd\u5ea6 \u03b3\u2032<\/em>\uff08 Submerged density<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f4d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u571f\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u6c34\u7684\u6d6e\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6263\u9664\u6c34\u7684\u6d6e\u529b\u540e\u7684\u91cd\u5ea6\u5373\u4e3a\u571f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u91cd\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u6587\u540d Submerged density\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a\u6c34\u4e0b\u91cd\u5ea6\u3002\u54c8\u54c8\u54c8\u3002 \ud83d\ude06 \ud83d\ude06\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u03b3\u2032 = ( ms + Vv<\/sub>*\u03c1w <\/sub>)\/ V – V*\u03b3w <\/sub>\/V = \u03b3 sat <\/sub>– \u03b3w<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff088\uff09\u571f\u7684\u5b54\u9699\u6bd4 e\uff08Voids Ratio<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u4e2d\u5b54\u9699\u4f53\u79ef\u4e0e\u571f\u7c92\u4f53\u79ef\u4e4b\u6bd4\u6210\u4e3a \u5b54\u9699\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

e\u00a0<\/sub>= Vv <\/sub>\/ Vs\u00a0<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5177\u4f53\u6362\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

e\u00a0<\/sub>= dw*\u03c1w <\/sub>(1 + w ) \/ \u03c1 – 1<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff089\uff09\u571f\u7684\u5b54\u9699\u7387 n\uff08Porosity, n<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u9699\u4f53\u79ef\u4e0e\u571f\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u4e4b\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

n\u00a0<\/sub>= Vv <\/sub>\/ V *100%<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u4e0e\u5b54\u9699\u6bd4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\uff1a<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n

n = e \/ (1+e) *100%<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff0810\uff09\u571f\u7684\u9971\u548c\u5ea6 Sr\uff08Degree of Saturation, Sr<\/span>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u571f\u4e2d\u6c34\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u4e0e\u7a7a\u9699\u4f53\u79ef\u4e4b\u6bd4<\/p>\n

Sr\u00a0<\/sub>= Vw <\/sub>\/ Vv<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u571f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u9699\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u6c34\u5145\u6ee1\uff0c\u5219Sr = 1\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u571f\u79f0\u4e3a\u9971\u548c\u571f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u571f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u542b\u6c34\uff0c\u5219Sr = 0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u571f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e72\u571f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4\u660e\u571f\u7684\u538b\u5b9e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n